Electro-Optics is the field of technology which, aided by electronic components and techniques, involves the emission and/or reception of radiation in the Infra-Red, Visible and Ultra Violet portion of the Electromagnetic spectrum.
In Electro-Optics it is common to use the measurement of wavelength (l) to describe different components. Wavelength is measured in Microns (m) while the Frequency is very rarely referred to.
"Mobile use is currently prohibited on planes because there is evidence that they interfere with onboard communication and navigation systems.
The proposed system utilises an on-board base station in the plane which communicates with passengers' own handsets. The base station - called a pico cell - is low power and creates a network area big enough to encompass the cabin of the plane.
The base station routes phone traffic to a satellite, which is in turn connected to mobile networks on the ground.
A network control unit on the plane is used to ensure that mobiles in the plane do not connect to any base stations on the ground. It blocks the signal from the ground so that phones cannot connect and remain in an idle state.
Calls will be billed through passengers' mobile networks. "
Related article: - Mobile phone base station aboard Qantas airline enables cell phone usage
The C-Guard TXP ECM is a portable, battery powered IED Jamming device, designed for multiple use: it can be operated using a car battery, an external 110/220 Vac or rechargeable batteries, allowing total mobility. The TXP ECM is housed in a trolley-style pelican case which can be carried by one person. Fully ruggedized, this IED jammer can be used under tough environmental conditions.
The Med-Eng EOD 9 Bomb Suit and Helmet ensemble has been designed with direct input from bomb disposal technicians to provide the highest degree of modular protection and operational flexibility for EOD and CBRN missions. The Med-Eng EOD 9 platform can be configured in the field by EOD or IEDD technicians based on the suspected presence of a CBRN agent in an IED.
Information assurance (IA) is the practice of managing risks related to the use, processing, storage, and transmission of information or data and the systems and processes used for those purposes. While focused dominantly on information in digital form, the full range of IA encompasses not only digital but also analog or physical form. Information assurance as a field has grown from the practice of information security which in turn grew out of practices and procedures of computer security.
There are three models used in the practice of IA to define assurance requirements and assist in covering all necessary aspects or attributes.
The first is the classic information security model, also called the CIA Triad, which addresses three attributes of information and information systems, confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This C-I-A model is extremely useful for teaching introductory and basic concepts of information security and assurance; the initials are an easy mnemonic to remember, and when properly understood, can prompt systems designers and users to address the most pressing aspects of assurance.
The next most widely known model is the Five Pillars of IA model, promulgated by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) in a variety of publications, beginning with the National Information Assurance Glossary, Committee on National Security Systems Instruction CNSSI-4009. Here is the definition from that publication: "Measures that protect and defend information and information systems by ensuring their availability, integrity, authentication, confidentiality, and non-repudiation. These measures include providing for restoration of information systems by incorporating protection, detection, and reaction capabilities." Tee Five Pillars model is sometimes criticized because authentication and non-repudiation are not attributes of information or systems; rather, they are procedures or methods useful to assure the integrity and authenticity of information, and to protect the confidentiality of those same.
The third IA model, less widely known but considered by many IA practitioners and professionals to be the most complete and accurate of the three, is the Parkerian Hexad, first introduced by Donn. B. Parker in 1998. Like the Five Pillars, Parker's hexad begins with the C-I-A model but builds it out by adding three more attributes of authenticity, utility, and possession (or control). It is significant to point out that the concept or attribute of authenticity, as described by Parker, is not identical to the pillar of authentication as described by the U.S. DoD.
Pic: U.S. Department of Defense Information Assurance emblem
From:
Wikipedia's
Vehicle borne IEDs (VBIEDs) are devices that use a vehicle as the package or container of the device. These IEDs come in all shapes, colors, and sizes which vary by the type of vehicles available — small sedans to large cargo trucks. There have even been instances of what appeared to be generators, donkey drawn carts, and ambulances used to attempt attacks on Coalition Forces and the New Iraqi Government.
Larger vehicles enable larger amounts of explosive that can be used, resulting in a greater effect. Functioning of devices can vary within the same methods as the package types and can have the same common characteristics or indicators as other IEDs. VBIEDs have increasingly used larger amounts of explosives, and the explosive charge has ranged anywhere from 100lbs to well over 1000 pounds. The explosive charge has included items such as mortar rounds, rocket motors, rocket warheads, PE4 explosives, and artillery rounds. Functioning of devices can vary within the same methods as the package types and can have the same common characteristics or indicators as other IEDs A growing technique in VBIED attacks in Iraq has involved the use of multiple vehicles. In such instances, the lead vehicle is used as a decoy or barrier buster. Once stopped or neutralized and with coalition forces starting to move to inspect or detain – the main VBIED comes crashing though and into the crowd before detonating; thus resulting in an increase of the casualty ratio.
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